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Drinking water quality

Basic drinking water requirements are that it must be safe in epidemic and radiation terms, clean (harmless) according to its chemical composition, and have favorable organoleptic properties.

Drinking water quality should comply with sanitary-hygienic standards before it enters a distribution network as well as in water draw-off points of the external and internal water-supply network.

Drinking water safety in terms of chemical composition is determined according to its compliance with the following standards:

  • composite indices and content of harmful chemical substances that are most frequently encountered in natural waters, as well as substances of anthropogenic origin that are globally distributed;
  • content of harmful chemical substances entering and/or formed in water during its treatment in the water supply network;
  • content of harmful chemical substances entering water supply sources as a result of human economic activities;.

Drinking water safety in epidemic terms is determined according to its compliance with the standards for microbiologic and parasitologic measures.

Kindly organoleptic properties of water are determined according to its compliance with relevant standards as well as standards for the content of the substances that have impact on the organoleptic properties of water.

Presence of visible-to-the-naked-eye aquatic organisms and surface film in drinking water is not acceptable.

Radiation safety of drinking water is determined according to its compliance with the standards for overall Sa and Sb intensity indicators or standards for the content of particular radioactive nuclides in accordance with the Radiation Safety Standards NRB-99 (ÍÐÁ-99).


Measures

Sanitary regulations and standards SanPiN (ÑàíÏèÍ) 2.1.4.1074-01

WHO

USEPA

ÅÑ

Unit

Established standards (maximum allowable concentration), no more than

Nuisance value

Class of hazard

Composite indices

Hydrogen ion exponent

ðÍ

in the range of
6–9

-

-

-

6,5–8,5

6,5–8,5

Total dissolved solids (solid residue)

mg/l

1000 (1500)

-

-

1000

500

1500

Total hardness

mg-eq/l

7,0 (10)

-

-

-

-

1,2

Permanganate oxygen consumed

mg/l

5,0

-

-

-

-

5,0

Petrochemicals, cumulatively

mg/l

0,1

-

-

-

-

-

Surface-active agents, anionic

mg/l

0,5

-

-

-

-

-

Phenol index

mg/l

0,25

-

-

-

-

-

Alkalinity

mg ÍÑÎ3– /l

-

-

-

-

-

30

Inorganic substances

Aluminum (Àl3+)

mg/l

0,5

S&T

2

0,2

0,2

0,2

Ammonium nitrogen

mg/l

2,0

S&T

3

1,5

-

0,5

Asbestos

million fibers/l

-

-

-

-

7,0

-

Barium (Âà2+)

mg/l

0,1

S&T

2

0,7

2,0

0,1

Beryllium (Âå2+)

mg/l

0,0002

S&T

1

-

0,004

-

Boron (Â, cumulatively)

mg/l

0,5

S&T

2

0,3

-

1,0

Vanadium (V)

mg/l

0,1

S&T

3

0,1

-

-

Bismuth (Bi)

mg/l

0,1

S&T

2

0,1

–

–

Iron (Få, cumulatively)

mg/l

0,3 (1,0)

Org.

3

0,3

0,3

0,2

Cadmium (Ñd, cumulatively)

mg/l

0,001

S&T

2

0,003

0,005

0,005

Potassium (Ê+)

mg/l

-

-

-

-

-

12,0

Calcium (Ca2+)

mg/l

-

-

-

-

-

100,0

Cobalt (Co)

mg/l

0,1

S&T

2

-

-

-

Silicon (Si)

mg/l

10,0

S&T

2

-

-

-

Magnesium (Mg2+)

mg/l

-

S&T

-

-

-

50,0

Manganese (Ìn, cumulatively)

mg/l

0,1 (0,5)

Org.

3

0,5 (0,1)

0,05

0,05

Copper (Ñu, cumulatively)

mg/l

1,0

Org.

3

2,0 (1,0)

1,0–1,3

2,0

Molybdenum (Ìî, cumulatively)

mg/l

0,25

S&T

2

0,07

-

-

Arsenic (Às, cumulatively)

mg/l

0,05

S&T

2

0,01

0,05

0,01

Nickel (Ni, cumulatively)

mg/l

0,1

S&T

3

-

-

-

Nitrates (by NO3)

mg/l

45

S&T

3

50,0

44,0

50,0

Nitrites (by NO2)

mg/l

3,0

2

3,0

3,5

0,5

Mercury (Íg, cumulatively)

mg/l

0,0005

ñ.-ò

1

0,001

0,002

0,001

Lead (Ðb, cumulatively)

mg/l

0,03

S&T

2

0,01

0,015

0,01

Selenium (Så, cumulatively)

mg/l

0,01

S&T

2

0,01

0,05

0,01

Silver (Ag+)

mg/l

0,05

2

-

0,1

0,01

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

mg/l

0,03

Org.

4

0,05

-

-

Strontium (Sr2+)

mg/l

7,0

Org.

2

-

-

-

Sulfates (SO42–)

mg/l

500

Org.

4

250,0

250,0

250,0

Fluorides (F), for climatic areas I and II

mg/l

1,5

S&T

2

1,5

2,0–4,0

1,5

for climatic area III

mg/l

1,2

S&T

2

Chlorides (Ñl–)

mg/l

350

Org.

4

250,0

250,0

250,0

Chromium (Ñr3+)

mg/l

0,5

S&T

3

-

0,1 (âñåãî)

-

Chromium (Ñr6+)

mg/l

0,05

S&T

3

0,05

0,05

Cyanides (ÑN–)

mg/l

0,035

S&T

2

0,07

0,2

0,05

Zinc (Zn2+)

mg/l

5,0

Org.

3

3,0

5,0

5,0


S&T – sanitary and toxicological

Org. – organoleptic

The value in brackets in all the tables can be set on the instruction of the Chief Public Health Officer.

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