Interactive map of the best practices

on the use of water, land and energy resources,
as well as the environment of Central Asia

Comparison of practices

Selected practice: Технология обратноосмотического опреснения минерализованных подземных вод в скважине для водообеспечения отгонного животноводства

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Introduction of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) principles on the Isfara small transboundary river

Кыргызстан

Introduction of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) principles on the Aspara small transboundary river

The Aspara River originates in the Western Tien Shan on the territory of Kyrgyzstan and flows northwards crossing the border with Kazakhstan.  The river’s total length exceeds 44 km, and its catchment area amounts to approximately 66 km2.  The Aspara River Basin is located in Chu Region in Kyrgyzstan’s northwest and Jambyl Region in Southern Kazakhstan.  The basin is shared by several different ethnicities where they live and work.  The basin’s population is rapidly growing, and the agriculture is developing.  In many places along the course of the river, especially in its lower streams, the water doesn't meet quality and sanitary standards.  Liquid waste produced by the population, industry and livestock production as well as solid waste constitute major sources of environmental pollution. Project efforts were carried out in Jambyl Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan and Chu Region of the Kyrgyz Republic. Actions: Establishment of 2 stakeholder groups, i.e. Small Basin Councils (SBC) – on both Kazakhstan’s and Kyrgyzstan’s sides of the river – representing local authorities, NGOs, water users and local communities.  The SBCs already held 6 joint meetings proving the value of SBCs as platforms to exchange opinions and information as well as take joint decisions on enhancing the overall situation in the basin. In addition, hydrometric posts were reconstructed and underwent certification, and the automated water distribution and accounting system was installed on the Mailybai Canal. The water supply system in the village of Cholok-Aryk also underwent reconstructed.  A demo-site to demonstrate drip irrigation equipment and technology was established on the premises of Ravshan Farm receiving its irrigation water via the Mailybai Canal. Results: Thus, the creation of national Small Basin Councils (SBC) on the Aspara River ensured a platform for exchanging opinions and information as well as joint decision-making to improve the overall situation in the Aspara River Basin, including the development of the IWRM basin-specific plan.
Кыргызстан

Enhancing water distribution in Water User Associa-tions (WUAs) by way of designing and implementing WUA decade-based water supply scheduled plans broken down by water consumers and days

Uniform and fair water distribution among water consumers (WCs) inside WUAs, clear alignment and coordination of water supply schedules via internal WUA networks of all levels with water supply schedules to WUA derivation canals from main canals is ensured by enhancing existing water distribution planning techniques based on water rotation (recirculation) and volumes of technically deliverable water executed via decade planning (within vegetation period decades). Actions: In accordance with the approved decade-based water distribution scheduled plan, decade water quantity is supplied to WCs in turns as per their water requests.  The schedules can be quickly adjusted depending on water availability in concerned water bodies.  The technique is based on wide engagement of WCs in distribution procedures – not only WUA personnel but also WCs themselves know who is receiving water, when and how much of it and, thus, can monitor each other and assess each other’s operations.  This promotes better mutual water discipline among WCs.  The process can be controlled from beginning to end based on corresponding documents (decade water distribution schedules, water request from WCs and WUAs, water request registration logs, water accounting logs at WUA headworks and WUA derivation canals. Results: As the result of introducing the decade-based water distribution plan in 2009-2011: actual water intake decreased, despite the fact that water supply to WCs remained high due to the increased efficiency of water distribution inside WUAs (90% of water availability) and ensured high yields; irrigation network efficiency rate rose from 0.69 to 0.79. The volume of water saved due to reduced losses along WUA irrigation lines made 8% of the total actual water intake; increased net incomes due to yield growth thanks to better water supply of key agricultural crops; drastic drop in the number of disputes and conflicts associated with not only water use but also financial, economic and institutional stability of WUAs; instead of mineralized collector and water, WCs located in the end sections of WUA networks started to get water safe for their crops.
Кыргызстан, Ошская, Кара-Сууский

Establishment of the Right-Bank Main Canal Water User Union (RMC-WUU)

Кыргызстан, Ошская, Кара-Сууский

Establishment of the Aravan-Akbura Main Canal Water User Union (AAMC-WUU)

Кыргызстан, Ошская, Кара-Сууский

Application of tubular outlet flowmeters

Таджикистан, Хатлонская, Джиликульский

Using low-pressure impulse mist irrigation system for watering agricultural crops

Таджикистан, Районы республиканского подчинения, Рудакинский

Drip irrigation of corn in the Gissar Valley

Таджикистан, Районы республиканского подчинения, Рудакинский

Sprinkling irrigation of alfaalfa in the conditions of Central Tajikistan

Таджикистан, Районы республиканского подчинения, Рудакинский
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