Название практики | Орошение пастбищно-сенокосных угодий комплектом синхронного импульсного дождевания (КСИД-10С) | Application of furrow-based counter irrigation |
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Category | Water resources | Water resources |
Tool | Sprinkling system | Irrigation technique and technology |
Field of application | Использование водных ресурсов |
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Usability of practice for adaptation to climate change | Moderate | Moderate |
Implemented by | Казахский научно-исследовательский институт водного хозяйства (КазНИИВХ) |
Central Asian Research Institute of Irrigation (SANIIRI) |
Used by |
Country: Kazakhstan Province: Jambyl Region |
Country: Uzbekistan Province: Xorazm Region District: Urganch District |
Local specifics | Объект расположен в зоне предгорьях значительных перепадов местности |
Khorezm Region lies in the northwest of Uzbekistan (between the latitudes of 40N and 42N and longitudes of 60E and 62E). The Region stretches for 280 km from northwest to southeast, and for 80 km – from west to east. The adyr relief is mainly formed by moist-type playa and, to a lesser extent, by meadow and grey-dessert soils; the depressions relief is formed by sands. |
Practice usage period |
Start date: 01.01.2006 End date: 31.12.2007 |
Start date: 01.01.2004 End date: 31.12.2016 |
Problem solved through this practice | Водная эрозия, сброс, неравномерное распределение оросительной воды, низкая урожайность |
Inefficient field-level use of irrigation water |
Tools used in the practice | Техника и технология полива комплектом синхронного импульсного дождевания (КСИД-10С) |
Technology of furrow-based counter irrigation |
Description of the practice and its results | Мероприятия: Применяется комплект синхронного импульсного дождевания. Поливная вода предельно равномерно рассредоточивается по всему участку орошаемого пастбищно-сенокосного угодья, который поливается одновременно. При этом подводимый расход воды к импульсному аппарату составляет 0,05-0,3 л/с, к поливному трубопроводу 0,25-2,0 л/с, что сокращает затраты на устройство трубопроводной сети в 3-4 раза по сравнению с обычными системами (комплектами) дождевания. Трубопроводная сеть состоит из труб диаметром от 15 до 25 мм, что значительно облегчает их транспортировку и монтаж в условиях горных склонах. Технические характеристики:
• Осуществлена водоподача в соответствии с потребностью растений в воде с учетом изменяющихся метеорологических условий, запасов влаги в активном слое почвы; |
Technology applicability In the majority of Central Asian countries, irrigated agriculture is based on flooding irrigation (ex.: wheat) and/or furrow-based irrigation (other crops). Against the background of climate change and global water shortage, the traditional and/or currently practiced irrigation methods have lost their relevance and are no longer justified, in particular, in the Aral Sea area. In addition, watering the whole field of uneven relief based on traditional furrow-based technique requires long time. In many cases, traditional watering leads to uneven water distribution (alternating dry and bogging spots) across the field and rising ground water level. The suggested technology of counter irrigation is suitable for watering areas with even/flat relief, i.e. flat/lowland territories of Central Asian countries. Technology description The technology is quite simple and consists of simultaneous irrigation of a field from two sides. It was appraised in Uzbekistan’s northwestern part within the framework of the ZEF/UNESCO Project. The technology’s pilot application demonstrated that furrow-based counter irrigation can be used as a technical option of irrigating undeviating (even) sites and increases water efficiency due to more uniform water distribution along furrows. This effective water-conservation technology has been already widely tested in Central Asian countries, including Uzbekistan (Syr Darya and Khorezm Regions) by SANIIRI. Advantages
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Lessons learnt and recommendations made | Уроки: Достоинства импульсного дождевания подтверждаются исследованиями, проведенными на других опытных участках КазНИИВХ в Жамбылской области, которые позволили повысить биологическую урожайность яблонь сорта «Голден Делишес» на 10,1-36,8 %, товарную – на 16,6-49,4 % по сравнению с поливом обычным дождеванием. Рекомендации: Нужно продолжать применение таких практик на предгорных местностях в Центральной Азии, где есть проблема с энергоснабжением. |
Lessons learnt: The furrow-based counter irrigation technology is rather simple (entails simultaneous irrigation of a field from both sides) and represents a justified technical option of irrigating undeviating (even) relief land and increasing water efficiency due to more uniform water distribution along furrows. Recommendations: The irrigation technology is recommended for application by farmers prior to controlling ground water level and enhancing land reclamation condition via more radical measures. Under the condition of available investment, this watering method can be widely introduced on engineered basis. |
Source of practice | Отечественные инструменты (результат разработок отечественных научно-исследовательских структур) |
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Readiness for implementation |
1. Cost of implementation: Moderate 2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: 3. O&M costs: Low 4. Expert support: Needed at O&M stage |
1. Cost of implementation: High 2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: 3. O&M costs: High 4. Expert support: Not needed |
Brief information on the project | Project beneficiaries: water consumers and WUAs. Project implementer: Central Asian Research Institute of Irrigation (SANIIRI) |
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Funding source | Министерство сельского хозяйства Республики Казахстан | ZEF/UNESCO in the Republic of Uzbekistan |
Information sources | 1) Reference Book on climatically optimized investment in rural areas of the Aral Sea Basin (based on the examples of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan), Tashkent 2016; 2) Paluashova, G.K., Shirokova, Yu.I. “Efficiency of furrow-based counter irrigation of cotton in Khorezm conditions” (http://www.cawater-info.net/bk /improvement- irrigated-agriculture/files/paluashova-shirokova.pdf); 3) Paluashova, G. (2005), “Investigating land saline regime due to changed irrigation technology in the conditions of Khorezm Oasis. Materials of “Scientific Support as a Factor of Sustainable Water Sector Development” International Research and Applied Conference (Taraz, Kazakhstan). |
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Contacts of a person, who filled this form | НИЦ МКВК |
SIC ICWC |
Form submission date | 09.08.2017 | 18.05.2018 |