Название практики | Collecting surface drain and saving water for the development of vegetable and fruit gardening to prevent pasture degradation | Arrangement of springs to improve stock watering |
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Category | Water resources | Water resources |
Tool | System for enhancing water availability | Public participation principle |
Field of application |
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Use of water resources |
Usability of practice for adaptation to climate change | High | Moderate |
Implemented by | Ministry of Nature Protection of Turkmenistan and German Technical Cooperation Agency (GIZ) |
CAMP-Alatoo Public Foundation (PF) |
Used by |
Country: Turkmenistan Province: Ahal Region |
Country: Kyrgyzstan Province: Chuy Region District: Sokuluk District |
Local specifics | The site (9,000 ha, natural juniper woods) is located in the southwestern section of the Central Kopetdagh – a mountain and agro-environmental zone close to the border with Iran with the population of about 12,000 people engaged in agro-livestock production. |
The site is located in a semi-drought zone subject to acute shortage of water resources in summer period and land degradation |
Practice usage period |
Start date: 01.01.2009 End date: 31.12.2010 |
Start date: 01.01.2011 End date: 31.12.2011 |
Problem solved through this practice | Natural juniper is cut down as heating timber, and water shortage is connected to poor precipitation. As a rule, villagers collect surface water flowing down the mountain slopes into the specially built tanks called “goudans”. In good years, goudans keep enough irrigation water for one season. However, during the last 5-6 years the goudans didn’t fill up due to insufficient rain. Deforested slopes are unable to hold rainwater due to quick drain. Because of water deficiency, local population is gradually shifting away from agriculture and gardening and is increasingly focusing on livestock breeding. As a result of excessive use of pastures, fodder is not able to grow on the trodden land which leads to further erosion of mountain slopes. |
Extremely low water availability (supply) of pastures; the quantity of cattle in watering sites below standard; land erosion |
Tools used in the practice | Set of measures for collecting surface water drain on slope land (construction of a series of small dams; drip irrigation; planting out of juniper) |
Technology of springs arrangement for stock watering |
Description of the practice and its results | Actions:
Results:
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Actions: At first, the exact location of water outcrop was identified and cleaned from mud. 15 meters below the outcrop, 3 interconnected water tubs were installed (each 1.8 m long, 0.5 m wide and 0.5 deep). Each subsequent tub is located lower than the preceding one, thus, allowing water flowing down in the cascade manner. Results: Financial and economic: Cattle gaining weight quicker. Technical: Improved water supply in the area, including for cattle watering. |
Lessons learnt and recommendations made | Lessons learnt: Enhanced methods of collecting surface drain and saving water are necessary to compensate the growing water shortage in order to allow communities to go back to agriculture and make cattle breeding more sustainable. They are also necessary to stop the increasing degradation of mountain slopes. Recommendations: Technologies for application in the future:
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Lessons learnt: Collection of water in one place had been practiced since ancient times, but was forgotten over time. Rehabilitation of traditional practices should be welcomed. Recommendations: Similar practices should be scaled-up and continued as they not only benefit the local population, but also allow enhancing water availability for wild animals and expanding hayfield meadows. |
Source of practice | Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation which demonstrate their relevance in modern conditions |
Readiness for implementation |
1. Cost of implementation: High 2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: 3. O&M costs: High 4. Expert support: Not needed |
1. Cost of implementation: High 2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: 3. O&M costs: High 4. Expert support: Not needed |
Brief information on the project | Project title: Local-level capacity building and investment for sustainable management of land resources. Project duration: 2009-2010. Project goal and objectives: combating desertification and droughts. Project beneficiaries: population of Garavul and Konegummez daikhan settlements in Bakharly Etrap (district) of Akhal Velayat (Region). Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Protection of Turkmenistan and German Technical Cooperation Agency (GIZ). |
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Funding source | UNDP and Global Environmental Facility | PF “CAMP-Alatoo”, local population |
Information sources | WOCAT.net, Mr. Abdybek Asanaliyev (e-mail: asanaly61@mail.ru), Kyrgyz National Agriculture University, Bishkek |
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Contacts of a person, who filled this form | SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Form submission date | 17.04.2018 | 30.03.2018 |