Название практики |
Increasing water availability of pastures by constructing sardobas |
Using portable polyethylene trays (PPL-50) of semi-circular section for сrop watering |
Category |
Water resources |
Water resources |
Tool |
System for enhancing water availability |
Irrigation technique and technology |
Field of application |
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
- Environmental protection
|
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
|
Usability of practice for adaptation to climate change |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Implemented by |
Ministry of Nature Conservation of Turkmenistan
|
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)
|
Used by |
Country: Turkmenistan
|
Country: Uzbekistan
Province: Tashkent Region
District: Parkent District
Other settlement: Baikazan Farm
|
Local specifics |
17,238 ha of barkhan (sand dune), takyr (dry-type playa) and solonchak (moist-type playa) sites of the Kara Kum Desert; deep ground water occurrence |
Steep foothill terrain |
Practice usage period |
Start date: 01.01.2012
End date: 31.12.2016
|
Start date: 01.01.2006
End date: 31.12.2006
|
Problem solved through this practice |
Desertification and decreased productivity of desert pastures due to over-grazing around existing cattle watering sites |
Issues: loss of water in temporary water distributers, low plot use ratio, difficulties with regulating water supply to irrigation furrows, low irrigator labor productivity |
Tools used in the practice |
Technology of building sardobas (stone-dome covered water collection and storage reservoirs) to enhance pasture water supply |
Portable polyethylene trays (PPL-50) of semi-circular section |
Description of the practice and its results |
Main actions:
- mudflow and flood risk assessment and surveying local population regarding sardobas’ locations.
Actions:
- selection of takyrs to construct sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- construction of sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- cleaning takyr surfaces.
Results:
- pastures that were not previously utilized due to absence of water sources returned to pasture rotation;
- pastures destroyed due to over-grazing started to restore;
- increased herd productivity due to reduced passage distances and higher fodder value of pastures.
|
Actions:
- Water supply using PPL-50 is possible from: a) reinforced concrete trays, b) covered network, c) temporary earthen water distributers;
- Prior to watering, the trays are manually distributed along the route and installed with required inclination perpendicular to the furrows in the beginning of the irrigated site. Sections are inserted into each other;
- After adjustment, the kit is capable of ensuring the desired watering regime;
- In case of long furrows (150+ m) layer watering is used with the application of flexible polyethylene film hoses (D=300 mm);
- Depending on specific site conditions, inter-row spacing and crop type, the size of irrigation streams is regulated by way of adjusting the water supply control gate.
Results:
- 20-30% reduction of field unproductive losses;
- Increased productivity (2-4 dt/ha for wheat, 3-4 dt/ha for cotton);
- At least twofold increase of irrigator labor productivity;
- Increased land use ratio (1.5-2.5%).
|
Lessons learnt and recommendations made |
Lessons learnt:
Construction of sardobas in takyr areas allows enhancing pasture water supply, thus, leading to the restoration of over-grazed pastures.
Recommendations:
The practice requires long-term planning and an integrated response with the early-on engagement of desertification experts (designing a set of measures to protect takyrs from sand drifts), state agencies (technical assistance) and pasture users (observance of pasture rotation schemes, prevention of takyrs from contamination and pollution). |
Lessons learnt:
PPL-50 can be used for watering cotton with 0.9 and 0.6 m row-spacing as well as vegetable and cucurbit crops with 0.3 m row-spacing.
Recommendations:
It is recommended to apply:
- PPL-50 (D=300 mm) in steep foothill conditions;
- PPL-50 (D=500 mm) in flat terrain;
- Prior to using the system in flat terrain conditions, it is desirable to do land planning.
|
Source of practice |
Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation that proved their efficiency in modern conditions |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Readiness for implementation |
1. Cost of implementation: Low
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: $1,000-5,000
3. O&M costs: Low
4. Expert support: Needed at implementation stage
|
1. Cost of implementation: Moderate
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: $7.6
3. O&M costs: Moderate
4. Expert support: Needed at implementation stage
|
Brief information on the project |
Project title: Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels.
Project duration: 2012-2016.
Project goal and objectives: build the adaptation capacity to respond to climate change impacts, including variability on local and national levels.
Project beneficiaries: Bori Settlement (over 1,100 people) and Bo-Kurdak Settlement (about 4,500 people).
Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Conservation and UNDP |
Project title: Adaptation of contour furrows and layer watering via portable trays: research on establishing permanent furrows on the premises of Baikazan Farm of Parkent District.
Project duration: 2005-2006.
Project goal and objectives: improve local living standards and food security among rural residents as well as preserve soil fertility in farms located on sloped terrain by way of watering via contour furrows based on the greatest inclination and layer arrangement of assembly polyethylene trays. The short-term project objective was to demonstrate the technology of watering via contour furrows based on the greatest inclination of sloped terrain and layer arrangement of assembly polyethylene trays.
Project beneficiaries: farms and dekhan farms.
Project implementer: ICARDA |
Funding source |
Government of Turkmenistan, Adaptation Facility |
Asian Development Bank (ADB) |
Information sources |
tm.undp.org |
|
Contacts of a person, who filled this form |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Form submission date |
04.04.2018 |
04.05.2018 |