Сравнение практик

• Use of water resources
• Use of land resources
• Environmental protection

• Use of water resources
• Use of land resources
• Environmental protection

Страна: Туркменистан

Страна: Туркменистан

Область: Дашогузская

17,238 ha of barkhan (sand dune), takyr (dry-type playa) and solonchak (moist-type playa) sites of the Kara Kum Desert; deep ground water occurrence

Lower reaches of the Amu Darya River Basin

Дата начала: 01.01.2012

Дата окончания: 31.12.2016

Дата начала: 01.01.2009

Дата окончания: 31.12.2015

Desertification and decreased productivity of desert pastures due to over-grazing around existing cattle watering sites

Expanding salination of irrigated land

Technology of building sardobas (stone-dome covered water collection and storage reservoirs) to enhance pasture water supply

Set of measures to enhance the reclamation condition of land (motorized cleaning of the collector, reconstruction of hydro-technical facilities, etc.).

Main actions:

• mudflow and flood risk assessment and surveying local population regarding sardobas’ locations.

Actions:

• selection of takyrs to construct sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
• construction of sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
• cleaning takyr surfaces.

Results:

• pastures that were not previously utilized due to absence of water sources returned to pasture rotation;
• pastures destroyed due to over-grazing started to restore;
• increased herd productivity due to reduced passage distances and higher fodder value of pastures.

Actions:

A set of measures to rehabilitate the Darialyk Collector executed to improve land reclamation condition.

Results:

The executed actions allowed lowering the level of ground water occurrence, thus, enhancing the overall land reclamation condition in target area as well as improving water drainage in adjacent areas.

Lessons learnt:

Construction of sardobas in takyr areas allows enhancing pasture water supply, thus, leading to the restoration of over-grazed pastures.

Recommendations:

The practice requires long-term planning and an integrated response with the early-on engagement of desertification experts (designing a set of measures to protect takyrs from sand drifts), state agencies (technical assistance) and pasture users (observance of pasture rotation schemes, prevention of takyrs from contamination and pollution).

Lessons learnt:

Lowered ground water level and improved reclamation status of irrigated land allowed tenant farmers and daikhan (farmer) associations in Dashoguz Velayat (Region) to increase crop productivity and, thus, gain additional income.

Recommendations:

Major project efforts to enhance the overall land condition in the target area resulted in improved public welfare.  The practice can benefit from the relevant Uzbekistan’s experience (systemic cleaning of collectors) – cleaning of intra-farm water supply networks simultaneously with inter-farm and/or main collector systems.  Uzbekistan’s model demonstrated sharp improvement of reclamation condition of entire land massifs.  Ecosystems are extremely vulnerable and without proper care future generations will have to take much more effort and spend more resources to restore them.

Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation that proved their efficiency in modern conditions

Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations)

1. Затраты на внедрение: Низкие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: $1,000-5,000

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Низкие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Требуется на стадии внедрения

1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется

Project title: Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels.

Project duration: 2012-2016. 

Project goal and objectives: build the adaptation capacity to respond to climate change impacts, including variability on local and national levels. 

Project beneficiaries: Bori Settlement (over 1,100 people) and Bo-Kurdak Settlement (about 4,500 people).

Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Conservation and UNDP

Project title: Reconstruction of the Darialyk Interstate Collector (including water inlets).

Project duration: 2009-2016.

Project goal and objectives: improving passage of drainage water.

Project beneficiaries: water consumers of all levels in the area supplied by the Darialyk Collector.

Project implementer: Republic of Turkmenistan

tm.undp.org

ASBP-3 Project

SIC ICWC

SIC ICWC