Название практики |
Increasing water availability of pastures by constructing sardobas |
Sprinkling irrigation of alfaalfa in the conditions of Central Tajikistan |
Category |
Water resources |
Water resources |
Tool |
System for enhancing water availability |
Sprinkling system |
Field of application |
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
- Environmental protection
|
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
|
Usability of practice for adaptation to climate change |
Moderate |
High |
Implemented by |
Ministry of Nature Conservation of Turkmenistan
|
GU “TajikNIIGiM” (“Research and Development Insti-tute of Hydraulic Engineering and Reclamation of Tajikistan” State Enterprise)
|
Used by |
Country: Turkmenistan
|
Country: Tajikistan
Province: Districts of Republican Subordination
District: Rudaki
Other settlement: Khosilot Farm
|
Local specifics |
17,238 ha of barkhan (sand dune), takyr (dry-type playa) and solonchak (moist-type playa) sites of the Kara Kum Desert; deep ground water occurrence |
- Ground water occurrence below 5 meters;
- Typical gray soil, surface slope – 0.04.
|
Practice usage period |
Start date: 01.01.2012
End date: 31.12.2016
|
Start date: 01.01.2013
End date: 31.12.2015
|
Problem solved through this practice |
Desertification and decreased productivity of desert pastures due to over-grazing around existing cattle watering sites |
Low efficiency of furrow irrigation; deficit of irrigation water; poor alfaalfa yields; eroded soil; low income of farmers. |
Tools used in the practice |
Technology of building sardobas (stone-dome covered water collection and storage reservoirs) to enhance pasture water supply |
Sprinkling irrigation system for alfaalfa |
Description of the practice and its results |
Main actions:
- mudflow and flood risk assessment and surveying local population regarding sardobas’ locations.
Actions:
- selection of takyrs to construct sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- construction of sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- cleaning takyr surfaces.
Results:
- pastures that were not previously utilized due to absence of water sources returned to pasture rotation;
- pastures destroyed due to over-grazing started to restore;
- increased herd productivity due to reduced passage distances and higher fodder value of pastures.
|
Actions:
- Project design and budgeting, procurement of sprinkling nozzles;
- Installation of sprinkling irrigation system, alfaalfa planting and cultivation, crop care.
Results:
Financial and economic:
increased farmer incomes due to better alfaalfa hay yields; enhanced labor productivity; reduced production costs.
Ecological:
improved ecological and reclamation condition of irrigated land; production of ecologically clean goods; significantly reduced unproductive water losses and soil erosion.
Technical:
increased alfaalfa hay yields (29 t/ha) compared to furrow irrigation (on average 18 t/ha); 40% saving of irrigation water.
Social:
increased wellbeing of local residents due to better agricultural yields; reduced hard manual labor. |
Lessons learnt and recommendations made |
Lessons learnt:
Construction of sardobas in takyr areas allows enhancing pasture water supply, thus, leading to the restoration of over-grazed pastures.
Recommendations:
The practice requires long-term planning and an integrated response with the early-on engagement of desertification experts (designing a set of measures to protect takyrs from sand drifts), state agencies (technical assistance) and pasture users (observance of pasture rotation schemes, prevention of takyrs from contamination and pollution). |
Lessons learnt:
Deployment of sprinkling irrigation systems allows increasing alfaalfa productivity and water saving as well enhancing soil reclamation condition and structure, watering efficiency, etc.
Recommendations:
It is necessary to widely introduce sprinkling irrigation to enhance the efficiency of water and land resources, reduce manual labor costs and save irrigation water. |
Source of practice |
Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation that proved their efficiency in modern conditions |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Readiness for implementation |
1. Cost of implementation: Low
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: $1,000-5,000
3. O&M costs: Low
4. Expert support: Needed at implementation stage
|
1. Cost of implementation: High
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: $3,000/ha
3. O&M costs: High
4. Expert support: Needed at implementation stage
|
Brief information on the project |
Project title: Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels.
Project duration: 2012-2016.
Project goal and objectives: build the adaptation capacity to respond to climate change impacts, including variability on local and national levels.
Project beneficiaries: Bori Settlement (over 1,100 people) and Bo-Kurdak Settlement (about 4,500 people).
Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Conservation and UNDP |
Project title: Sprinkling irrigation of alfaalfa in the conditions of Central Tajikistan.
Project duration: 2013-2015.
Project goal and objectives: deployment of sprinkling irrigation for alfaalfa; observance of optimal irrigation mode(s) and techniques ensuring 30 t/ha alfaalfa hay yield with minimal energy consumption in the conditions of Central Tajikistan.
Project beneficiaries: farmers of Khosilot Farm.
Project implementer: GU “TajikNIIGiM”. |
Funding source |
Government of Turkmenistan, Adaptation Facility |
National budget via Ministry of Energy and Water Re-sources, GU “TajikNIIGiM” |
Information sources |
tm.undp.org |
Research report by GU “TajikNIIGiM”, Dushanbe, 2015, 24 p. |
Contacts of a person, who filled this form |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Form submission date |
04.04.2018 |
03.04.2018 |