Название практики |
Increasing water availability of pastures by constructing sardobas |
Drip irrigation of corn in the Gissar Valley |
Категория |
Водные ресурсы |
Водные ресурсы |
Инструмент |
Система повышения водообеспеченности |
Система капельного орошения |
Сфера использования практики |
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
- Environmental protection
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- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
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Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата |
Умеренная |
Высокая |
Кем реализована практика |
Ministry of Nature Conservation of Turkmenistan
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NPO “TajikNIIGiM” (“Research and Development Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Reclamation of Tajikistan” Research and Manufacturing Association)
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Где использована практика |
Страна: Туркменистан
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Страна: Таджикистан
Область: Районы республиканского подчинения
Район: Рудакинский
Другой населенный пункт: Radzhabov Farm
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Специфика местности, где использована практика |
17,238 ha of barkhan (sand dune), takyr (dry-type playa) and solonchak (moist-type playa) sites of the Kara Kum Desert; deep ground water occurrence |
- Located in the irrigated agriculture zone;
- Ground water occurrence below 5 meters;
- Typical gray soil, surface slope – 0.04.
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Когда использована практика |
Дата начала: 01.01.2012
Дата окончания: 31.12.2016
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Дата начала: 01.01.2000
Дата окончания: 31.12.2003
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Проблема, которая решается применением практики |
Desertification and decreased productivity of desert pastures due to over-grazing around existing cattle watering sites |
Shortage of irrigation water; Poor yields; Low irrigation efficiency; Eroded soil; Low income of farmers. |
Примененные в практике инструменты |
Technology of building sardobas (stone-dome covered water collection and storage reservoirs) to enhance pasture water supply |
Corn drip irrigation system |
Описание практики и ее результаты |
Main actions:
- mudflow and flood risk assessment and surveying local population regarding sardobas’ locations.
Actions:
- selection of takyrs to construct sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- construction of sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- cleaning takyr surfaces.
Results:
- pastures that were not previously utilized due to absence of water sources returned to pasture rotation;
- pastures destroyed due to over-grazing started to restore;
- increased herd productivity due to reduced passage distances and higher fodder value of pastures.
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Actions:
- Project design and budgeting, procurement of drip irrigation system;
- Installation of drip irrigation system, corn planting and cultivation, crop care;
- Accounting of water and resources.
Results:
Financial and economic:
increased labor productivity and farmer incomes, reduced production costs.
Ecological:
production of ecologically clean goods; prevention of water losses and soil erosion as well as improving soil ecological and reclamation condition.
Technical:
twofold (52%) increase of corn yields compared to furrow irrigation, 51% saving of irrigation water.
Social:
increased wellbeing of local residents due to better agricultural yields; reduced hard manual labor. |
Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики |
Lessons learnt:
Construction of sardobas in takyr areas allows enhancing pasture water supply, thus, leading to the restoration of over-grazed pastures.
Recommendations:
The practice requires long-term planning and an integrated response with the early-on engagement of desertification experts (designing a set of measures to protect takyrs from sand drifts), state agencies (technical assistance) and pasture users (observance of pasture rotation schemes, prevention of takyrs from contamination and pollution). |
Lessons learnt:
Application of drip irrigation ensures higher corn productivity and water saving as well as allows improving soil structure, watering efficiency, etc.
Recommendations:
It is necessary to widely introduce drip irrigation systems to build up the efficiency of water and land resources, reduce manual labor costs and save irrigation water. |
Источник практики |
Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation that proved their efficiency in modern conditions |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Готовность практики к внедрению |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Низкие
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: $1,000-5,000
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Низкие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Требуется на стадии внедрения
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1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: $3,500/ha
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Требуется на стадии внедрения
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Краткая информация о проекте |
Project title: Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels.
Project duration: 2012-2016.
Project goal and objectives: build the adaptation capacity to respond to climate change impacts, including variability on local and national levels.
Project beneficiaries: Bori Settlement (over 1,100 people) and Bo-Kurdak Settlement (about 4,500 people).
Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Conservation and UNDP |
Project title: Drip irrigation of corn in Gissar District.
Project duration: early 2000-late 2003.
Project goal and objectives: introduction of drip irrigation systems for corn; observance of optimal irrigation mode(s) and techniques ensuring 100 dt/ha and above corn yields with minimal energy consumption in the conditions of the Gissar Valley.
Project beneficiaries: land and water users of Yu. Radzhabov Farm
Project implementer: NPO “TajikNIIGiM”. |
Источник финансирования практики |
Government of Turkmenistan, Adaptation Facility |
National budget, NPO “TajikNIIGiM” |
Источники информации о практике |
tm.undp.org |
Research report by NPO “TajikNIIGiM”, Dushanbe, 2003, 46 p. |
Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Дата заполнения формы |
04.04.2018 |
02.04.2018 |