Название практики |
Increasing water availability of pastures by constructing sardobas |
Using low-pressure impulse mist irrigation system for watering agricultural crops |
Category |
Water resources |
Water resources |
Tool |
System for enhancing water availability |
Sprinkling system |
Field of application |
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
- Environmental protection
|
Use of water resources |
Usability of practice for adaptation to climate change |
Moderate |
High |
Implemented by |
Ministry of Nature Conservation of Turkmenistan
|
Sh. Shotemur Tajik Agrarian University
|
Used by |
Country: Turkmenistan
|
Country: Tajikistan
Province: Districts of Republican Subordination
District: Rudaki
|
Local specifics |
17,238 ha of barkhan (sand dune), takyr (dry-type playa) and solonchak (moist-type playa) sites of the Kara Kum Desert; deep ground water occurrence |
- Located in the Varzob River Basin (right-bank tributary of the Kafirnigan (Kofarnihon) River);
- Valley section of the Kafirnigan River Basin (river catchment area);
- Deep (below 5 m) ground water occurrence;
- Other peculiarities: middle loamy soils.
|
Practice usage period |
Start date: 01.01.2012
End date: 31.12.2016
|
Start date: 01.04.2012
End date: 31.10.2013
|
Problem solved through this practice |
Desertification and decreased productivity of desert pastures due to over-grazing around existing cattle watering sites |
Surface irrigation is associated with considerable water losses, uneven root zone moistening, increasing irrigation-induced soil erosion, low labor productivity of irrigators, low irrigation system efficiency, etc. |
Tools used in the practice |
Technology of building sardobas (stone-dome covered water collection and storage reservoirs) to enhance pasture water supply |
Low-pressure impulse mist irrigation system |
Description of the practice and its results |
Main actions:
- mudflow and flood risk assessment and surveying local population regarding sardobas’ locations.
Actions:
- selection of takyrs to construct sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- construction of sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- cleaning takyr surfaces.
Results:
- pastures that were not previously utilized due to absence of water sources returned to pasture rotation;
- pastures destroyed due to over-grazing started to restore;
- increased herd productivity due to reduced passage distances and higher fodder value of pastures.
|
Actions:
- Construction of low-pressure impulse mist irrigation system (procurement of polyethylene piping, pumping unit, cassette filter); - Installation of pumping equipment, settling pond, impulse mist sprinkling nozzles.
Results:
Financial and economic:
rational use of irrigation water; enhanced efficiency of water and land resources use; low cost ($4,164/ha) compared to the basic option ($4,326/ha).
Ecological:
no damage to atmosphere, water and soil and production of ecologically clean agricultural produce.
Technical:
the system operates under low pressure enough to ensure sufficient mist sprinkling irrigation (high-quality artificial rain) creating the necessary microclimate stimulating proper plant growth and development, ensuring even and highly uniform soil moistening; the system is easy to assemble and operate.
Social:
reduced irrigation costs on behalf of water users due to smaller volume of consumed irrigation water; increased profitability of farms due to higher crops productivity. |
Lessons learnt and recommendations made |
Lessons learnt:
Construction of sardobas in takyr areas allows enhancing pasture water supply, thus, leading to the restoration of over-grazed pastures.
Recommendations:
The practice requires long-term planning and an integrated response with the early-on engagement of desertification experts (designing a set of measures to protect takyrs from sand drifts), state agencies (technical assistance) and pasture users (observance of pasture rotation schemes, prevention of takyrs from contamination and pollution). |
Lessons learnt:
Low-pressure impulse mist irrigation system allows improving the overall conditions in greenhouses and/or lemon tree nurseries – rain-like water distribution curbs irrigation-induced soil erosion and unproductive water losses in the course of irrigation.
Recommendations:
It is necessary to widely deploy low-pressure impulse mist sprinkling systems with the aim of irrigation automation and saving irrigation water. |
Source of practice |
Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation that proved their efficiency in modern conditions |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Readiness for implementation |
1. Cost of implementation: Low
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: $1,000-5,000
3. O&M costs: Low
4. Expert support: Needed at implementation stage
|
1. Cost of implementation: High
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha:
3. O&M costs: High
4. Expert support: Not needed
|
Brief information on the project |
Project title: Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels.
Project duration: 2012-2016.
Project goal and objectives: build the adaptation capacity to respond to climate change impacts, including variability on local and national levels.
Project beneficiaries: Bori Settlement (over 1,100 people) and Bo-Kurdak Settlement (about 4,500 people).
Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Conservation and UNDP |
Project title: Low-pressure impulse mist sprinkling system for greenhouses and/or lemon tree nurseries.
Project duration: Apr 2012-Oct 2013.
Project goal and objectives: development and deployment of new low-pressure impulse mist irrigation system for greenhouses and lemon tree nurseries in the context of acute water shortage to ensure even distribution of irrigation water, exclude irrigation-induced soil erosion and unproductive irrigation water losses, thus, leading to water and power saving.
Project beneficiaries: “Ziroatkor” Farm.
Project implementer: Sh. Shotemur Tajik Agrarian University |
Funding source |
Government of Turkmenistan, Adaptation Facility |
“Tajikistan Water Partnership” NGO |
Information sources |
tm.undp.org |
Report by Tajikistan Water Partnership, Dushanbe, 2012, 18 p. |
Contacts of a person, who filled this form |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Form submission date |
04.04.2018 |
02.04.2018 |