Название практики |
Increasing water availability of pastures by constructing sardobas |
Application of tubular outlet flowmeters |
Category |
Water resources |
Water resources |
Tool |
System for enhancing water availability |
Means and methods of water accounting |
Field of application |
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
- Environmental protection
|
Use of water resources |
Usability of practice for adaptation to climate change |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Implemented by |
Ministry of Nature Conservation of Turkmenistan
|
Institute of Water Issues, Hydropower and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan (IWIHE of the AS of the RTj)
|
Used by |
Country: Turkmenistan
|
Country: Tajikistan
Province: Khatlon Region
District: Jilikul
|
Local specifics |
17,238 ha of barkhan (sand dune), takyr (dry-type playa) and solonchak (moist-type playa) sites of the Kara Kum Desert; deep ground water occurrence |
- Located in the valley part of the Vakhsh River Basin (river catchment area);
- Deep (below 3 meters) ground water occurrence;
- Middle loamy soils.
|
Practice usage period |
Start date: 01.01.2012
End date: 31.12.2016
|
Start date: 01.04.2010
End date: 31.10.2011
|
Problem solved through this practice |
Desertification and decreased productivity of desert pastures due to over-grazing around existing cattle watering sites |
Uneven distribution of irrigation water, lack of water accounting means to ensure observance of recommended irrigation norms for cotton |
Tools used in the practice |
Technology of building sardobas (stone-dome covered water collection and storage reservoirs) to enhance pasture water supply |
Tubular water outlet flowmeter |
Description of the practice and its results |
Main actions:
- mudflow and flood risk assessment and surveying local population regarding sardobas’ locations.
Actions:
- selection of takyrs to construct sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- construction of sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- cleaning takyr surfaces.
Results:
- pastures that were not previously utilized due to absence of water sources returned to pasture rotation;
- pastures destroyed due to over-grazing started to restore;
- increased herd productivity due to reduced passage distances and higher fodder value of pastures.
|
Actions:
- Construction of tubular water outlet flowmeter with removable nozzles (procurement of polyethylene piping to make tubular water outlets and matching nozzles); - Installation of tubular water outlet flowmeter along temporary sprinklers.
Results:
Financial and economic:
saving of irrigation water; low cost of irrigation system automation (total kit cost: $500/ha) with the service life of 5 years.
Technical:
simple design allowing a more even distribution of irrigation water stream among furrows, thus, ensuring the prescribed water supply mode.
Social:
improved working conditions of irrigators; lower labor needs/costs; enhanced mutual trust among farmers and water users. |
Lessons learnt and recommendations made |
Lessons learnt:
Construction of sardobas in takyr areas allows enhancing pasture water supply, thus, leading to the restoration of over-grazed pastures.
Recommendations:
The practice requires long-term planning and an integrated response with the early-on engagement of desertification experts (designing a set of measures to protect takyrs from sand drifts), state agencies (technical assistance) and pasture users (observance of pasture rotation schemes, prevention of takyrs from contamination and pollution). |
Lessons learnt:
Installation and deployment of tubular water outlet flowmeter allows to improve the uniformity of irrigation stream’s distribution among furrows and conduct irrigation water accounting.
Recommendations:
It is necessary to widely use the small-scale irrigation automation means like the tubular water outlet flowmeters which have simple design, are convenient to operate, are low-cost and mobile and ensure supply of the prescribed amount of irrigation water. |
Source of practice |
Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation that proved their efficiency in modern conditions |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Readiness for implementation |
1. Cost of implementation: Low
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: $1,000-5,000
3. O&M costs: Low
4. Expert support: Needed at implementation stage
|
1. Cost of implementation: High
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha:
3. O&M costs: High
4. Expert support: Not needed
|
Brief information on the project |
Project title: Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels.
Project duration: 2012-2016.
Project goal and objectives: build the adaptation capacity to respond to climate change impacts, including variability on local and national levels.
Project beneficiaries: Bori Settlement (over 1,100 people) and Bo-Kurdak Settlement (about 4,500 people).
Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Conservation and UNDP |
Project title: Watering technology based on tubular water outlet flowmeters.
Project duration: Apr 2010-Oct 2011.
Project goal and objectives: development and deployment of a crop watering technology for dekhan farms of the Republic of Tajikistan allowing to significantly increase the efficiency of water use.
Project beneficiaries: members of “Istikol” WUA (Water User Association).
Project implementer: Institute of Water Issues, Hydropower and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the RTj |
Funding source |
Government of Turkmenistan, Adaptation Facility |
“Tajikistan Water Partnership” NGO |
Information sources |
tm.undp.org |
Report by the Innovation Technology Department of the IWIHE of the AS of the RTj, Dushanbe, 2012, 45 p. |
Contacts of a person, who filled this form |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Form submission date |
04.04.2018 |
02.04.2018 |