Название практики |
Introduction of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) principles on the Isfara small transboundary river |
Increasing water availability of pastures by constructing sardobas |
Категория |
Водные ресурсы |
Водные ресурсы |
Инструмент |
Принцип общественного участия |
Система повышения водообеспеченности |
Сфера использования практики |
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
|
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
- Environmental protection
|
Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата |
Высокая |
Умеренная |
Кем реализована практика |
USAID/CAREC
|
Ministry of Nature Conservation of Turkmenistan
|
Где использована практика |
Страна: Кыргызстан
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Страна: Туркменистан
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Специфика местности, где использована практика |
Transboundary river |
17,238 ha of barkhan (sand dune), takyr (dry-type playa) and solonchak (moist-type playa) sites of the Kara Kum Desert; deep ground water occurrence |
Когда использована практика |
Дата начала: 01.04.2012
Дата окончания: 31.10.2016
|
Дата начала: 01.01.2012
Дата окончания: 31.12.2016
|
Проблема, которая решается применением практики |
Imperfections of the water management mechanism in the Isfara small transboundary river basin |
Desertification and decreased productivity of desert pastures due to over-grazing around existing cattle watering sites |
Примененные в практике инструменты |
The principle of stakeholder engagement in decision-making associated with water management of small transboundary river;
IWRM planning technique |
Technology of building sardobas (stone-dome covered water collection and storage reservoirs) to enhance pasture water supply |
Описание практики и ее результаты |
The river originates in Kyrgyzstan in Ak-Suu Glacier on the northern slope of the Turkestan Ridge 3,193 m above sea level. The Ak-Suu ruins are located close to the river source. Near the settlement of Karavshin, the river is called the same name. Crossing the national border, the river merges with the Kshemysh River (Kshemyshsai) and, further on, the river receives the name of Isfara.
Actions:
Establishment of stakeholder groups, i.e. Small Basin Councils (SBC) representing local authorities, NGOs, water users and local communities. SBC secretariats independently hold internal semi-annual meetings. Thus, the SBCs serve as platforms to exchange opinions and information as well as take joint decisions associated with the enhancement of the overall situation in the river basin.
Results:
Creation of national Small Basin Councils (SBC) on the Isfara River allowed a platform for exchanging opinions and information as well as for drawing joint decisions to improve the overall situation in the Isfara River Basin, including the development of the IWRM basin plan for the target basin. |
Main actions:
- mudflow and flood risk assessment and surveying local population regarding sardobas’ locations.
Actions:
- selection of takyrs to construct sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- construction of sardobas jointly with local cattle-farmers;
- cleaning takyr surfaces.
Results:
- pastures that were not previously utilized due to absence of water sources returned to pasture rotation;
- pastures destroyed due to over-grazing started to restore;
- increased herd productivity due to reduced passage distances and higher fodder value of pastures.
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Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики |
Lessons learnt:
Introduction of IWRM principles is the pre-requisite of stable and fair water supply irrespective of a given water user’s location.
Recommendations:
Currently, when local stakeholders are represented in SBCs and are engaged in joint water management, it is necessary to hold thematic seminars to ensure sustainability of SBC operations in the future. In the long term, it might be possible to establish a joint body to manage the whole river basin. |
Lessons learnt:
Construction of sardobas in takyr areas allows enhancing pasture water supply, thus, leading to the restoration of over-grazed pastures.
Recommendations:
The practice requires long-term planning and an integrated response with the early-on engagement of desertification experts (designing a set of measures to protect takyrs from sand drifts), state agencies (technical assistance) and pasture users (observance of pasture rotation schemes, prevention of takyrs from contamination and pollution). |
Источник практики |
Foreign tools (transfer of foreign experience) |
Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation that proved their efficiency in modern conditions |
Готовность практики к внедрению |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется
|
1. Затраты на внедрение: Низкие
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: $1,000-5,000
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Низкие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Требуется на стадии внедрения
|
Краткая информация о проекте |
Development and implementation of basin plans constitute principal elements of integrated water resources management. Multi-agency coordination mechanism via basin councils or coordination groups is an important advantage of IWRM. This approach allows streamlined coordination and synergy of actions on all levels of management hierarchy.
Project title: Stakeholder partnership in joint policy-making: assistance to transboundary cooperation in small watersheds of Central Asia.
Project duration: Apr 2012-Oct 2016
Project goal and objectives: introduction of the integrated water resources management (IWRM) practice in three transboundary watersheds and its scaling-up in Central Asia.
Project beneficiaries: communities of the Isfara small transboundary river basin, specialists of water and environmental agencies, farmers.
Project implementer: USAID/CAREC. |
Project title: Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels.
Project duration: 2012-2016.
Project goal and objectives: build the adaptation capacity to respond to climate change impacts, including variability on local and national levels.
Project beneficiaries: Bori Settlement (over 1,100 people) and Bo-Kurdak Settlement (about 4,500 people).
Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Conservation and UNDP |
Источник финансирования практики |
USAID |
Government of Turkmenistan, Adaptation Facility |
Источники информации о практике |
carecnet.org |
tm.undp.org |
Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Дата заполнения формы |
02.04.2018 |
04.04.2018 |