Название практики |
Land reclamation via vertical drainage wells |
Watering of vegetable crops based on the method of mist sprinkling irrigation |
Category |
Water resources |
Water resources |
Tool |
Collector-drainage system |
|
Field of application |
• Use of water resources • Use of land resources |
• Use of water resources • Use of land resources |
Usability of practice for adaptation to climate change |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Implemented by |
Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the Republic of Kazakhstan
|
Kazakh National Agriculture University
|
Used by |
Country: Kazakhstan
Province: South Kazakhstan Region
District: Maktaaral District
|
Country: Kazakhstan
Province: Almaty region
District: Karasay District
|
Local specifics |
• Upstream (Ferghana) and midstream (Syr Darya) of the Syr Darya River • Ebb occurrence of highly mineralized ground water |
Foothill zone in southeastern Kazakhstan, dark-chestnut and middle loamy soils |
Practice usage period |
Start date: 01.01.1965
End date: 31.12.1975
|
Start date: 01.01.2014
End date: 31.12.2016
|
Problem solved through this practice |
Deterioration of reclamation situation: rising of ground water, land salination |
Irrigation-associated soil erosion, low efficiency of applied watering techniques, poor phytosanitary condition of land used for vegetable growing |
Tools used in the practice |
Technique and technology of land reclamation via a system of vertical drainage wells (VDW) |
Technique and technology of mist sprinkling irrigation |
Description of the practice and its results |
Actions:
A VDW system set up. Prior to its installation, the area was drained via a horizontal open-type drain-age network ineffective as to reducing the mass of salinized land.
Comprehensive VDW efforts significantly enhanced drainage.
However, currently due to the absence of a single organization responsible for VDW operation, maintenance and repair, the VDW systems recon-structed under World Bank and Asian Development Bank projects do not perform as effectively as ini-tially.
Results:
Financial and economic: Increased cotton yields (from 10-15 up to 30-35 dt/ha).
Technical: Successful response to land salination in 3 districts: ground water table steadily kept at 2-3 m depth leading to a sharp contraction of salinized land area. |
Actions:
A sprinkler (artificial rain irrigation) system installed consisting of 50 mm diameter polyethylene pipes assembled from 10-12 meter segments (5022 SD sprinkler; 3.5 bar pressure; 3.5 mm nozzles; water consumption of 0.87 m3/hour; water distribution area per 1 sprinkler – 12 m).
Results:
Financial and economic: Compared to ridge-and-furrow watering method, sprinkler irrigation led to a yield increase for the following crops: • carrots – 15.64%, • cabbage – 12.78%, • sweet pepper – 14.19%.
Technical: • up to 20% reduced irrigation water consumption, • prevention of irrigation-induced soil erosion, • improved phytosanitary condition of vegetable fields. |
Lessons learnt and recommendations made |
Lessons learnt:
In due time, the model proved useful and timely, as the country urgently needed to increase its cotton yields. The practice demonstrated high efficiency of VDW in combatting land salination.
Recommendations:
1. Establish a special VDW System Maintenance and Operation Department; 2. Build personnel capacity: • Continual training of personnel in the Department and Provincial Hydrogeological and Land Reclamation Expedition; • Drafting and distribution of training materi-als. |
Lessons learnt: The practice demonstrated the possibility of effec-tive water use, reducing labor costs, and increasing yields of several horticultural crops simultaneously.
Recommendations: Widespread introduction of sprinkler-based mist irrigation systems along with drip irrigation and other advanced water-efficient technologies is necessary. In order to ensure that, water users should have strong financial incentives to facilitate water saving.
|
Source of practice |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
• Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations), • Foreign tools (transfer of foreign experience) |
Readiness for implementation |
1. Cost of implementation: Moderate
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha:
3. O&M costs: High
4. Expert support: Not needed
|
1. Cost of implementation: High
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha:
3. O&M costs: High
4. Expert support: Not needed
|
Brief information on the project |
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|
Funding source |
Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the USSR |
Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan |
Information sources |
Reshetkina N.M. et al. “Vertical Drainage”, Moscow: Kolos, 1978. – 319 p. |
The PhD thesis “Efficiency of mist (sprinkler) irriga-tion technology for vegetable crops in southeastern Kazakhstan” describing a vegetable (cabbage, carrots, sweet pepper) cultivation technology based on fine sprinkling irrigation developed for the first time for soil and climatic conditions of foothill zone in southeastern Kazakhstan, including an optimal mode of vegetables irrigation via fine overhead sprinkler-based irrigation was developed, as well as analyzing the effects of sprinkler irrigation on biomass formation and crops capacity. |
Contacts of a person, who filled this form |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Form submission date |
26.03.2018 |
29.03.2018 |